Design

As far as physical goes, I wouldn't change much. I think the classroom is fine as is and changing something wouldn't make a big difference anyway. When it comes to structural I think just explaining things clearly and thoroughly would be the easiest and best way to hack the environment. For cultural I'm not too sure what you mean by that so I will probably have to update this later on.

Raising a Moral Child

I agree that praise is the best way to teach a child from what is right and what is wrong. Children are like monkeys, they see and they do so it makes sense that modeling the correct behavior will help them in the long run. It was also very interesting to see the extensive research done on it. 

The Crossroads Between Should and Must

I would say that most people feel that they should instead of that they must. For most people they get put on the should path early on in school. They're told just to do and not what they want to do. They're told that in order to be successful and happy they should do this and that. The article describes the should path perfectly in my opinion. If everyone or even just one person went down the must path it wouldn't be as easy as the should path and there definitely would be some bumps in the road. The challenges you have to face going down that path, I think, are worth it in the long run. The experience you gained alone would be worth it. The should path would give you experience also but the failures that you would endure on the must path would be far greater thus teaching you more. Personally the must path seems more appealing to me but it doesn't for everyone. Some people would prefer the should path because they are afraid of failure but taking the risk seems worth it in my mind. Each path you have an opportunity to succeed but the question is do you want to be told what to do or do what you want?